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 A
gifted musician, talented film actress, witty & entertaining writer
and of course, Queen of the comic monologue - Joyce Grenfell was a woman
of many talents.
Her good friend Celia Johnson confessed to feeling jealous of Joyce's
talent, saying it was "perfectly absurd that one person should have
all these talents". But of all her gifts it was her gift for comic
monologues and songs for which she is best remembered, and it was this
that Joyce always regarded as her real job.
Born Joyce Phipps in 1910, she grew up performing at family parties and
social gatherings, often with her American mother, who was herself a
talented performer (although she never performed professionally). It was
one such impromptu performance that triggered the start of Joyce's
professional career when her friend Stephen Potter persuaded Joyce to
perform her character monologue Useful & Acceptable Gifts for
the producer Herbert Farjeon. Mr Farjeon was so impressed with her
impersonation of a Women's Institute lady that he took a gamble on Joyce's
complete lack of professional experience and offered her a slot in his
forthcoming West End revue show The Little Revue. Joyce was later
to say that she felt she owed royalties to the real WI speaker who had
inspired the monologue, but not knowing her name she was never able to
give the lady her due!
Herbert Farjeons gamble paid off, with the Sunday Times critic James Agate
singling out Joyce's performance over those of the other more experienced
performers. Her friend Virginia Graham later attributed Joyce's success to
her natural warmth, which she said created "an atmosphere of
extraordinary trust and love, so that audiences under her spell felt cosy
and somehow cherished".
This natural warmth also led Joyce into numerous charitable projects, and
with the outbreak of the Second World War she had the opportunity to
combine her charitable work with her gift as an entertainer when she
joined ENSA. Officially known as the Entertainments National
Service Association, but nicknamed Every Night Something Awful by its
members (due to its notoriously bad organisational abilities) ENSA had the
task of arranging entertainment for the troops both at home and abroad.
Joyce's work with them took her round England and Northern Ireland touring
military hospitals, and then overseas, eventually visiting 14 countries in
all, including North Africa, India and Egypt. Joyce's time with ENSA was
an education for her as a performer, and she later described how the
experience helped her to develop her "working muscles", teaching
her how to think on her feet and put on a good show no matter how adverse
the circumstances.
Her newly strengthened working muscles stood her in good stead when she
returned to London to appear in Noel Cowards 1945 revue show Sigh No
More which ran for 213 performances. By the early 1950s Joyce felt
ready to take the next step and in 1954 appeared in her first solo show Joyce
Grenfell Requests the Pleasure. The show was a hit, and Joyce
confessed to great delight at seeing her name in lights. The show
transferred to Broadway the following year.
Throughout this time Joyce was also following a career in films and
broadcasting. In all she made twenty-four films, but it was her role as
Ruby Gates in the St Trinians comedies that brought her the most
notoriety. It was this character along with the part of Miss Gossage in The
Happiest Days of Your Life that gained Joyce a reputation for playing
what she described as "galumphers", and "gawky overgrown
schoolgirl types". Her mother was horrified at the number of
"unattractive characters" Joyce played on film, and was only
appeased when Joyce appeared as a glamorous Duchess opposite Gregory Peck
in The Million Pound Note.
In 1973 Joyce lost the sight in one eye after an infection. It is typical
of her no-nonsense nature that she retired quietly from the stage without
fuss or fanfare. She continued to work in broadcasting, appearing
regularly on the musical quiz show Face the Music and contributing to
Radio 4s Thought for the Day, but the main focus of her creative life
became her writing. Over the following six years she wrote two volumes of
autobiography, telling her story from her early life and career right up
to her final performance in 1973 - a private performance for the Queen and
her guests at Windsor Castle.
In 1979 Joyce had an operation to remove her blind eye, which had become
cancerous, and she died a month later aged 69. When a Thanksgiving Service
was held for Joyce at Westminster Abbey people came from all over the
country a queued for hours for the 2,000 places in the Abbey.
Virginia Graham once said that Joyce had an incredibly rare talent for
being "funny without being malicious", and this gift has ensured
that her remarkable collection of songs, sketches and writings are as
popular now as in her lifetime. In 1988 Maureen Lipman appeared in the hit
one-woman show Re-Joyce based around Joyce's songs and sketches, and more
recently she has recorded some of Joyce's material under the title Choice
Grenfell.
Interest in Joyce still continues, with letters to her mother,
correspondence with Virginia Graham and her wartime journals all published
since her death. But then it is hard to imagine that such a vibrant spirit
as Joyce Grenfell would ever lie down quietly.
Joyce was born in London on February 10th 1910.
Her father, Paul Phipps, was an architect. Her mother, Nora Langhorne, was
sister to Nancy Astor (the first woman in the House of Commons). She had
one brother, Tommy, two years her junior.
On December 12th 1929, at the age of nineteen, she was married to Reggie
Grenfell, a happy marriage that lasted her whole life.
When they were first married and struggling to make ends meet Joyce and
Reggie were offered a cottage on the Cliveden estate by Aunt Nancy, where
they lived for several years before moving back to London.
Shortly after Joyce's wedding her parents divorced and Nora moved back to
America. Joyce missed her mother tremendously and corresponded with her
constantly from whichever part of the world she was in.
Although Joyce and Reggie never had children of their own she doted on
other peoples offspring and her nephew Wilton lived with Joyce and Reggie
for several months during his parents divorce.
Whilst looking for somewhere to stay on a tour Joyce came across a
beautiful valley in the Lake District. She came to regard this spot as her
spiritual home, returning to it again and again, whilst at the same time
guarding the identity of her special place and only revealing its
whereabouts to a handful of close friends, including the artist John Ward
who did several drawings of the valley for her.
Joyce died in London on November 30th 1979.
During Joyce's early years she attended many parties and gatherings at
Cliveden, the house of her Aunt Nancy, and it was here that the young
Joyce met and talked with the renowned writer George Bernard Shaw. With
such illustrious influence at such an impressionable age it is little
wonder she continued writing throughout her life.
Never one to shy from expressing an opinion she was a panellist on the
ground-breaking 1949 Radio Show We Beg to Differ, on which a panel
of men and women debated subjects that divided the sexes.
In Noel Cowards 1945 revue Sigh No More Joyce was a big hit singing That's
the End of the News wearing a gym-slip with her hair in pigtails, but she
was at first reluctant to perform in this outfit, claiming her fans would
disapprove. Coward persuaded her otherwise and later claimed he had helped
to expand her range as a performer by his stubbornness!
On 7th February 1980 people queued for hours outside Westminster Abbey for
the 2,000 places at the Thanksgiving Service for Joyce Grenfell, leading
one bemused American journalist to remark "Joyce was a wonderful
woman, but she wasn't Prime Minister, was she?"
To read previous months Arts
features.
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Acknowledgements:
Photograph:
Joyce Grenfell pictured in 1954, copyright
© of and supplied by:
The Raymond Mander and Joe Mitchenson Theatre Collection. Tel: 020
7236 0182 Fax: 020 7236 0184
email: richard@mander-and-mitchenson.co.uk
Salvation Army Headquarters, P O Box 249, 101 Queen Victoria
Street, London, EC4P 4EP. |
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